Introduction

Beyond Price: Measuring True Contribution to Innovation

R&D Spending as a Share of GDP

Government Subsidies for Drug Development

Venture Capital Availability

Early‑Stage Clinical Translation Capacity

Global Roots of Breakthrough Therapies

A Multidimensional Index for Assessing Contributions to Drug Innovation

Conclusion

References

Drug innovation isn’t the product of a single market; it’s a global effort built on shared risk, public and private investment, and cross-border collaboration. 

Drug Innovation Is Global and Built on Shared Risk

The Paradox of Innovation Without Entrepreneurship

Cracks in the Corporate Mold

Academia Fuels the Movement

Shifting Capital and Infrastructure

Talent Transformation: From Passive to Proactive

Toward a National Startup Identity

Looking Ahead: Redefining Success

The rise of entrepreneurship is quietly reshaping Japan's workforce. Once defined by lifetime employment and corporate loyalty, a new generation is breaking from tradition to pursue purpose, autonomy, and innovation through startups.

From Salaryman to Startup: Japan's Entrepreneurial Revolution

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Saisei Ventures